How to maintain Electric Heavy Equipment

With electric construction machines, maintenance is much simpler — hardly any is needed on the electric components. A major maintenance-related advantage of electric equipment is that the machines shut off when not in use, so they’re not racking up idle hours like a diesel machine that needs to keep fuel and fluids moving. As a bonus, fewer hours can help reduce your total cost of ownership and improve the resale value of the electric machine. It follows, then, that DEF and filters aren’t needed on electric equipment. Essentially, the only supplies required are grease and hydraulic oil. This is much different than a conventional machine that requires fluid, filter and component checks as often as every day, with additional cyclical preventive fluid and filter maintenance.

ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT SAFETY AND TRAINING ARE CRUCIAL

Electric components like the lithium-ion battery, inverter, AC to DC power converter, battery management unit and charging plug just need visual and functional inspections. Any components not working would be replaced rather than repaired.

The electrical components are sealed and guarded, and technicians should be trained to properly disconnect the high-voltage power to any parts before they’re removed and replaced. Volvo CE, for example, has very stringent training and qualification requirements to certify technicians to work on electric machines, whether it be the electrical or non-electrical components.

Because we’re talking about machines using electricity, much of the additional training needed for technicians will be about safety. Some of the concepts they’ll need to learn include how an AC 3-phase motor functions, Ohm’s law (the relationship between voltage, current and resistance in a circuit), Fleming’s left- and right-hand motor and generator rules, and the effect that current flow has on a magnetic field. Other topics unique to electric heavy equipment are inverter function, onboard charging system operation and how a lithium-ion battery works.

This may sound like a big shift in what technicians need to know, but it’s part of our evolving industry.

Charging systems may also need service at times. That would be dictated by the manufacturer of those items, which will typically be different from the machine manufacturer.

A VALUABLE SHIFT

The lifetime of battery-electric components should be equal to or better than that of the diesel engine on a conventional machine. We conservatively estimate that users will see a 35% saving in maintenance cost and time over the life of the machines we offer. And our six-year warranty for electric components provides some extra peace of mind.

Though the shift to electric requires some training, the overall maintenance needed for electric heavy equipment is much simpler and less frequent. With electrification expected to grow exponentially in the coming years, it’s a worthwhile investment of technicians’ time.